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中共中央、國務(wù)院近日印發(fā)《關(guān)于新時代推進(jìn)西部大開發(fā)形成新格局的指導(dǎo)意見》。

The CPC Central Committee and the State Council recently issued the guidelines on advancing the large-scale development of the western region to make a new ground in the new era.

圖片來源：Xinhua

意見要求，強(qiáng)化舉措抓重點(diǎn)、補(bǔ)短板、強(qiáng)弱項(xiàng)，形成大保護(hù)、大開放、高質(zhì)量發(fā)展的新格局，推動經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展質(zhì)量變革、效率變革、動力變革，促進(jìn)西部地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與人口、資源、環(huán)境相協(xié)調(diào)，實(shí)現(xiàn)更高質(zhì)量、更有效率、更加公平、更可持續(xù)發(fā)展，確保到2020年西部地區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境、營商環(huán)境、開放環(huán)境、創(chuàng)新環(huán)境明顯改善，與全國一道全面建成小康社會；

In order to build a new model that delivers overall protection, full opening-up and high-quality development, the guidelines highlight the importance of addressing key problems and weaknesses. We should work hard for better quality, higher efficiency, and more robust drivers of economic growth through reform to ensure the coordinated development of local economy, people, resources and the environment and to achieve higher quality, more efficient, fairer, and more sustainable development, the document said. Efforts should be made to ensure the western region sees significant improvements in its ecological environment, business opportunities, international exchanges and creative milieus so that it can build a well-off society in an all-round way with the whole country.

到2035年，西部地區(qū)基本實(shí)現(xiàn)社會主義現(xiàn)代化，基本公共服務(wù)、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施通達(dá)程度、人民生活水平與東部地區(qū)大體相當(dāng)，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)不同類型地區(qū)互補(bǔ)發(fā)展、東西雙向開放協(xié)同并進(jìn)、民族邊疆地區(qū)繁榮安全穩(wěn)固、人與自然和諧共生。

By 2035,the western region will basically achieve socialist modernization. The basic public services, infrastructure construction, traffic conditions, and people's living standards in the west will be roughly the same as those in the eastern region. Efforts should be made to achieve complementary development in different types of regions, ensure cooperation and coordination between the east and the west, realize prosperity, security and stability in the border and minority areas, and achieve harmony between man and nature.

《意見》指出，要貫徹新發(fā)展理念，推動高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。結(jié)合西部地區(qū)發(fā)展實(shí)際，打好污染防治標(biāo)志性重大戰(zhàn)役，實(shí)施環(huán)境保護(hù)重大工程，構(gòu)建生態(tài)環(huán)境分區(qū)管控體系。

The guidelines point out that it is necessary to integrate the new concept of development for promoting high-quality development. Based on the realities of the western region, we should implement major environmental protection projects and build zonal management systems for the ecological environment, to win the battle against pollution.

圖片來源：Xinhua

《意見》還強(qiáng)調(diào)，要加大美麗西部建設(shè)力度，筑牢國家生態(tài)安全屏障。

The guidelines stress the importance of developing an ecological civilization in the western region and consolidating the national ecological barrier.

深入實(shí)施重點(diǎn)生態(tài)工程。堅(jiān)定貫徹綠水青山就是金山銀山理念，堅(jiān)持在開發(fā)中保護(hù)、在保護(hù)中開發(fā)，按照全國主體功能區(qū)建設(shè)要求，保障好長江、黃河上游生態(tài)安全，保護(hù)好冰川、濕地等生態(tài)資源。進(jìn)一步加大水土保持、天然林保護(hù)、退耕還林還草、退牧還草、重點(diǎn)防護(hù)林體系建設(shè)等重點(diǎn)生態(tài)工程實(shí)施力度，開展國土綠化行動，穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)自然保護(hù)地體系建設(shè)和濕地保護(hù)修復(fù)，展現(xiàn)大美西部新面貌。加快推進(jìn)國家公園體系建設(shè)。

Key ecological projects should be thoroughly implemented.Bearing in mind that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, we should combine protection and development. We should ensure the ecological security of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River, and protect glaciers, wetlands and other ecological resources in accordance with the requirements of national main functional areas. The guidelines emphasize the need to strengthen the implementation of key ecological projects such as soil and water conservation, natural forest protection, returning farmland or grazing land to grassland, and shelterbelt systems construction. Land greening actions need to be carried out, and the construction of the nature reserve system and restoration of wetlands should be steadily promoted to restore the beautiful nature of the western region. We will speed up establishing the national park system.

穩(wěn)步開展重點(diǎn)區(qū)域綜合治理。大力推進(jìn)青海三江源生態(tài)保護(hù)和建設(shè)、祁連山生態(tài)保護(hù)與綜合治理、巖溶地區(qū)石漠化綜合治理、京津風(fēng)沙源治理等。以汾渭平原、成渝地區(qū)、烏魯木齊及周邊地區(qū)為重點(diǎn)，加強(qiáng)區(qū)域大氣污染聯(lián)防聯(lián)控，提高重污染天氣應(yīng)對能力。開展西部地區(qū)土壤污染狀況詳查，積極推進(jìn)受污染耕地分類管理和安全利用，有序推進(jìn)治理與修復(fù)。

Acting on the principle of steadily carrying out integrated administration in key areas, we will promote the ecological protection and integrated administration of the Three-Rivers-Source in Qinghai, Qilian Mountains, rocky desertification in karst areas, and the source of Beijing and Tianjin sandstorms. Focusing on the Fen-Wei Plain, Chengdu-Chongqing area, Urumqi and its surrounding areas, we will strengthen the joint prevention and management of regional air pollution and improve the response capacity to tackle heavy pollution. We will carry out a detailed investigation of soil pollution in the western region, and promote the classified management, safe utilization, treatment and orderly restoration of contaminated cultivated land.

加快推進(jìn)西部地區(qū)綠色發(fā)展。落實(shí)市場導(dǎo)向的綠色技術(shù)創(chuàng)新體系建設(shè)任務(wù)，推動西部地區(qū)綠色產(chǎn)業(yè)加快發(fā)展。實(shí)施國家節(jié)水行動以及能源消耗總量和強(qiáng)度雙控制度，全面推動重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域節(jié)能減排。大力發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)，推進(jìn)資源循環(huán)利用基地建設(shè)和園區(qū)循環(huán)化改造，鼓勵探索低碳轉(zhuǎn)型路徑。全面推進(jìn)河長制、湖長制，推進(jìn)綠色小水電改造。加快西南地區(qū)城鎮(zhèn)污水管網(wǎng)建設(shè)和改造，加強(qiáng)入河排污口管理，強(qiáng)化西北地區(qū)城中村、老舊城區(qū)和城鄉(xiāng)結(jié)合部污水截流、收集、納管工作。加強(qiáng)跨境生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)合作。

We will accelerate the green development of the western region.A market-oriented innovative system of green technology will be put in place, to boost the development of green industries in the western region. National water conservation actions and dual management of energy consumption and intensity will be in place, under which energy conservation and emission reductions in key areas will be widely implemented. We will promote the construction of resource recycling bases and the recycling transformation of industrial zones, to encourage low-carbon production and eventually advance the circular economy. Local government heads will be appointed as river or lake chiefs, to be responsible for watercourse management and the upgrading of green small-scale hydropower stations. We will speed up to build and upgrade urban sewage pipe networks in southwest China, and improve the capacity of sewage interception, collection and cutoff in urban villages, old urban areas and urban-rural fringe areas in northwest China. Expanding cross-border cooperation on eco-environmental protection will be on the agenda.