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保山市科學(xué)技術(shù)協(xié)會(huì)

聯(lián)合推出

第3期

The Third Phase

被子植物.荇菜Nymphoides peltata

被子植物門，睡菜科，荇菜屬。在中國(guó)絕大多數(shù)省區(qū)都有分布。荇菜（也叫莕菜）是多年生水生草本，生長(zhǎng)于水流平穩(wěn)且比較淺的池塘、湖泊、河溪等環(huán)境中，花果期4-10月，5、6月份為盛花期。圖片攝于云南保山青華海國(guó)家濕地公園。

荇菜是一種開著黃色小花的植物，葉片像睡蓮，但是小巧很多，有5個(gè)花瓣，花瓣邊緣長(zhǎng)著流蘇，看起來毛茸茸的，很特別。荇菜的根扎在泥里，葉片漂浮在水面上，而花則挺出水面，根和葉之間有一條長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的藤莖。荇菜主要通過葉背面產(chǎn)生的不定芽來進(jìn)行營(yíng)養(yǎng)繁殖，繁殖速度很快。每到夏天，成片的荇菜挺立在粼粼水波間，黃色的花朵鋪滿水面，成為綠意盎然的夏天里一道亮麗的風(fēng)景。

在古代，荇菜是作為一種蔬菜被食用的，主要是吃它們的根莖部分?！对娊?jīng)》的開篇《國(guó)風(fēng).周南.關(guān)雎》中反復(fù)吟誦女子采摘荇菜的場(chǎng)景：“參差荇菜，左右流之。窈窕淑女，寤寐求之。參差荇菜，左右采之。窈窕淑女，鐘鼓樂之。參差荇菜，左右芼之。窈窕淑女，鐘鼓樂之” 。那為什么我們現(xiàn)在不像古人一樣把荇菜拿出來吃了呢？大概是因?yàn)榭诟胁患寻?。不過荇菜的親戚“龍骨瓣荇菜”（也叫水蓮菜）在臺(tái)灣是作為一種蔬菜來栽培的，聽說口感滑嫩，感興趣的朋友有機(jī)會(huì)的話不妨嘗試一下。

荇菜對(duì)陽光比較敏感，在青華海，荇菜一般在早上8點(diǎn)后陸續(xù)盛開，下午3點(diǎn)左右開始閉合。另外，如果有陰雨天氣的話，它的花瓣是不會(huì)張開的。所以，想要觀賞荇菜開花過程的朋友，可以在早上8點(diǎn)左右來青華海靜待花開哦，下午去它們就下班啦。

The Third Phase

Nymphoides peltata

Angiospermae, Menyanthaceae, Nymphoides. It is distributed in most provinces and regions in China. Nymphoides peltata is a perennial aquatic herb, which grows in ponds, lakes, rivers and streams with smooth and shallow water. The flowering period is from April to October, and full-blossom period is May and June. The photo is taken in The Qinghuahai National Wetland Park in Baoshan city, Yunnan proince.

Nymphoides peltata has small yellow flowers, its leaves looks like water lily, but is much smaller. It has five petals, and there are tassel on the edge of petal, which looks fluffy and very special. The root of Nymphoides peltata is in the mud with leaves floating on water, and the flower is stand out of the water. Between the roots and leaves there are long stems. Nymphoides peltata make vegetative propagation through the adventitious bud from the back of the leaves, and they reproduce very quickly. In summer, a lot of Nymphoides peltata stands out the sparkling water, and the yellow flowers cover the surface of the water, which become a beautiful scenery in the green summer.

In ancient times, Nymphoides peltata is a kind of vegetables and people mainly eat their roots and stems. The beginning of The Book of Poetry is The Cooing. In this poetry, it repeated the scene of woman picking Nymphoides peltata. This is what the poem described: " There grows the water grass, The folk are fond to pick; There lives the pretty lass, For whom the lad is sick. There grows the water grass, The folk are fond to choose; There lives the pretty lass, Whom the lad pursues. There grows the water grass, The folk are fond to gain; There lives the pretty lass, The lad would entertain. " The water grass in this poem is Nymphoides peltata. Why don't we eat the Nymphoides peltata like the ancients? It's probably because it doesn't taste good. But the relatives of Nymphoides peltata called Nymphoides hydrophylla is planted as vegetable in Taiwan. It is heard that it taste smooth and tender. If you are interested, have a try!

Nymphoides peltata is sensitive to sunlight. In Qinghuahai National Park, Nymphoides peltata generally gradually open after 8 o'clock in the morning and began to close around 3 o'clock in the afternoon. In addition, if the weather is cloudy and rainy, its petals will not open. So, if you want to see the flowering process of Nymphoides peltata, come here around 8 o'clock in the morning and wait for them blooms, or they will be off work in the afternoon!

文字整理：黃木嬌

海報(bào)設(shè)計(jì)：黃木嬌

英文翻譯：何雪、黃木嬌

Text: Mujiao Huang

Poster design: Mujiao Huang

English translation: He Xue, Mujiao Huang