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生態(tài)環(huán)境部5月7日發(fā)布的2019年全國生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量簡況顯示，全國生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量總體改善，環(huán)境空氣質(zhì)量改善成果進一步鞏固，水環(huán)境質(zhì)量持續(xù)改善，海洋環(huán)境狀況穩(wěn)中向好，土壤環(huán)境風(fēng)險得到基本管控，生態(tài)系統(tǒng)格局整體穩(wěn)定，環(huán)境風(fēng)險態(tài)勢保持穩(wěn)定。

圖片來源：央視新聞

簡況顯示，全國337個地級及以上城市PM2.5濃度為36微克/立方米，同比持平；PM10濃度為63微克/立方米，同比下降1.6%；平均優(yōu)良天數(shù)比例為82.0%。

按照環(huán)境空氣質(zhì)量綜合指數(shù)評價，168個重點城市中，環(huán)境空氣質(zhì)量相對較差的20個城市依次是安陽、邢臺、石家莊、邯鄲、臨汾、唐山、太原、淄博、焦作、晉城、保定、濟南、聊城、新鄉(xiāng)、鶴壁、臨沂、洛陽、棗莊、咸陽和鄭州；環(huán)境空氣質(zhì)量相對較好的20個城市依次是拉薩、?？?、舟山、廈門、黃山、福州、麗水、貴陽、深圳、臺州、雅安、惠州、遂寧、珠海、昆明、張家口、南寧、溫州、內(nèi)江和廣安。

根據(jù)簡況，1940個國家地表水考核斷面中，Ⅰ～Ⅲ類水質(zhì)斷面比例為74.9%，同比上升3.9個百分點；劣Ⅴ類為3.4%，同比下降3.3個百分點。

長江、黃河、珠江、松花江、淮河、海河、遼河七大流域和浙閩片河流、西北諸河、西南諸河監(jiān)測的1610個水質(zhì)斷面中，Ⅰ～Ⅲ類水質(zhì)斷面比例為79.1%，同比上升4.8個百分點。

土壤方面，全國農(nóng)用地土壤環(huán)境狀況總體穩(wěn)定。影響農(nóng)用地土壤環(huán)境質(zhì)量的主要污染物是重金屬，其中鎘為首要污染物。

經(jīng)初步核算，2019年單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值二氧化碳排放同比降低4.1%，完成年度預(yù)期目標(biāo)。

China saw progress in ecological environment protection as the quality of air, surface water and oceans improved in 2019, according to the 2019 national ecological environment quality report released by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment on May 7.

Forty-three common redshanks, or sandpipers, were spotted in Qinghuahai National Wetland Park in Baoshan, Yunnan province, recently. [Photo/China Daily]

The share of good air quality days in China's 337 cities at or above the prefecture level hit 82 percent in 2019, said the report.

Meanwhile, the impact of the heavily polluted weather mitigated in 2019, with a notable decrease in the peak concentration, pollution intensity, duration and impact scope, compared with previous years, it noted.

According to the report, the share of surface water with a good quality rating at grade III or above was up 3.9 percentage points year on year, while the worst-rated water quality decreased by 3.3 percentage points over the last year.

Improvement was also seen in nationwide rivers and lakes. The proportion of major rivers with a good water quality increased by 4.8 percentage points in 2019.